Objectivism in The Fountainhead Essays -- Fountainhead

Objectivism in The Fountainhead Philosophy demands literature that can abet the understanding of social views. Without reflective literature, man cannot begin to comprehend the essential messages behind philosophy. One such philosophy, objectivism, is represented exceptionally by the novel, The Fountainhead. Through the use of compelling dialogue, Ayn Rand reveals her own feelings towards objectivism, and her thoughts towards conformity and independence. The interpretations and the implications of several of the quotes within The Fountainhead accurately depict the essence of objectivism and encourages the opposition of conventional standards through the embodiment of the uncompromising innovator "standing against the world." Society dictates that there will be those that follow and those that will lead the followers. Peter Keating is one that adheres to conformity; a man of little independent thought, a follower. Howard Roark, on the other hand, is a man aspiring to achieve a level of complete and utter independence from traditional principles. One telling passage occurs in a scene where Keating and Roark are discussing architecture. Keating: "How do you always manage to decide?" Roark: "How can you let others decide for you?" As two men on the extreme sides of conformity and independence, it is hard for Keating to understand how someone could be so sure of himself, whereas it is incomprehensible for Roark to believe that Keating could have so little self-assurance and such a lack of resolve regarding the decisions he chooses to make. In this r... ... is most definately correct in saying that independence is the only gauge of human virtue and value. A conformist has low value because of his refusal to jump the bounds of submission; the conformist would never experiment for the sake of self- improvement. This would not be looked upon well by other. Conformity is governed by the laws of compromise, egotism, productivity, and value. A conformist must be willing to sacrifice his philosophies simply because it does not correspond with the attitude of the clique. Independence, on the other hand relies on only one thing: the performance of the individual. A conformist must be satisfied with the performance of the group. The independent individual has himself to blame when events turn for the worse, and he solely reeps the benifit of his own performance.

The Definition of Statehood

Before diving into the question of this essay, one that looks simple on the surface but reveals itself to be as complicated as it is deep, I found myself asking how we define â€Å"statehood†. It’s all good and well to say that the state is a contested organisation, but when the idea of what exactly a state is comes into it, that statement becomes all the less clear. By definition a nation state is a state/country that possesses clear borders and land, and contains mostly the same type of people by either race or cultural background. ttp://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/467746/political-system/36702/National-political-systems? anchor=ref416908 Yet some states have numerous ethnicities, Nigeria for example has been calculated to have over two hundred culturally distinct groups, even Gambia, whose population numbers about half a million people, has eight distinct ethnic groups (Hughes 1981: 122). Then again, these are both countries that are considered as â€Å"fai led states†, something I will return to later on.According to Philip Cerny, statehood is the capacity to guard the social, economic and political life of its people and also to protect them from external threats and predators. He then goes on to say that states regularly fail at one of these tasks, often not doing well at both at the same time. Statehood, according to Cerny, is the â€Å"problematique of the modern world system itself†. Why? Why are nation states so bad at doing what they say on the tin? Surely it can’t be that hard to defend one’s people and at the same time give them basic needs such as employment, welfare and education.Of course, the world isn’t a perfect place, and we have yet to reach the utopia dreamt of by our grandparents, but really does everything have to be so terrible? To be fair Cerny does give a good argument against that, and provides much evidence to show that the state is indeed a contested organisation. He argues t hat â€Å"future structural organisational developments will depend on the kinds of political coalitions that can be built to confront and deal with those challenges†, especially those involving cross-border networks.In that case the result is likely to be a more complex form of world politics that is not only multi-level but also multi-nodal. Cerny makes a clear statement that the ideal states are â€Å"organisationally distinct from families, churches, classes, races, economic institutions† and also non-state political organisations. He then simplifies that claim that the state is a contested organisation by breaking it down into 3 sections: economically, socially and politically. First we will look at each of these individually and examine that statement.Of the three, the most interesting to me was his ascertain that the state is an economically contested organisation. Cerny says that states are organised through relationships of power, but they are also bound to th e ideals of fairness and justice. Economic groups such as corporations and markets however, are not. They revolve around a principle of profit and aren’t shackled by the same need to be ‘nice’ that states are. One can go so far as to say that Cerny is nearly directly addressing the issue of globalisation without ever saying the word.Take big companies such as Coca Cola or McDonalds, while they give a consumer-friendly image and do help communities with various projects, at the end of the day they are 100% profit driven and if circumstances dictated that they must drop half their workforce to save costs, you can be sure that they would. Globalisation has meant that corporations no longer operate within borders, and for the most part are free to trade as they please. That some of these firms make more money than the Irish state is a very scary thought indeed. It is an invasive and destabilizing phenomenon that states must contest with.Not only does it signal height ened interconnectedness, but it encroaches into those formal-legal aspects of sovereignty that secure or tie down authority in the first instance, and benefit from it in the second. In other words, â€Å"the transnational connections inherent in globalisation are significant on a qualitative as well as a quantitative level. But what new patterns of authority are emerging here? † (Williams 1996: 118) It is said of sovereignty that there is plenty of it around, but that as a result of globalisation â€Å"the sites for its concentration have changed. According to this argument states are being forced to concede certain of their sovereign powers to regional, transnational or world bodies on one hand, and to local and other sub-national institutions on the other. On a side note while on the point of globalisation, though Cerny doesn’t explore the idea it is also worth mentioning the globalisation of military power as it contests with every state organisation. Advanced nucl ear weapons systems can now operate worldwide, for they can deliver their payloads to any place at all on the planet, and do so within a very short time.They are thus capable of making the whole earth uninhabitable, and of threatening the very survival of the all states, whether they wish it or not (Poggi 1990: 177). You really can’t get much more global than that. The next area we will examine is Cerny’s claim that the state is a socially contested organisation. According to him states â€Å"are not natural, spontaneous emanations† from a â€Å"taken for granted, pre-existing society, people, or public†, they are made up from real people who base them on a range of often divided groups such as class, ethnicity, religion and ideology to name a few.People who are born in to this nation state may not always agree with or like the way things are and can find themselves caught in conflicts of identity, and the state finds itself constantly at odds with those who feel socially indoctrinated with the rules, power structures and policies of that state. As Cerny says, â€Å"citizens are made, not born†. Another big social contender is the internet, any one person can simply log on to Facebook (or other social networking sites) and instantly connect with people all over the world, again ignoring state boundaries.The final point that is discussed is that the state is a politically contested organisation. This can nearly go without saying, as there isn’t a state in the world that hasn’t been challenged politically at one stage or another. This happens on all ends of the scale, from as Cerny puts it: â€Å"absolutist monarchs and national revolutionaries to various bureaucrats, officials, patrons and clients†. He even goes on to mention religious movements and criminal gangs.It is important to note that the organisational strengths that Cerny mentions, whether they be rooted in widely accepted social identities or bo nds, or that they have power internationally, need not only apply to Westphalian states (and indeed many of those ‘official’ states are weak on those levels). Take certain groups such as Hezbollah or the IRA for example, upon looking past the fact that they are viewed by some as terrorist organisations (although most European countries have refused to classify Hezbollah as a terrorist organisation [http://www. digitalnpq. org/archive/2009_summer/03_qassem. tml]), these groups often take on the state roles for the people they claim to serve. Hezbollah is a major provider of social services, operating schools, hospitals, and agricultural services for thousands and playing a significant part in Lebanese politics. [http://www. cfr. org/publication/9155/hezbollah_aka_hizbollah_hizbullah. html? breadcrumb=/]. Likewise the IRA are renowned for looking after their own, be it ensuring the well being of prisoner families or upholding the law (or at least a version of it), in area s where traditional state politics have failed.Going back now to the other two headings for the contested state, economically and politically, and applying them to the state â€Å"alternatives† I mentioned above, it is hard to understand why Cerny didn’t do the same. One can not simply draw a line in the sand and say that all the ones over here (those of the Westphalia type) are states, and those over there are not. There are many similarities to be found on both sides. These groups also find themselves to be contested organisations.Yes it can be argued that economically, Hezbollah only functions because the nation states of Iran and Syria support them, but the same was also said of the peripheral state of Cuba when it was funded by the USSR (Giddens 1985: 269). In the north the IRA have succeeded in many social areas that the government have not, giving identity, protection and services to a select group of people who otherwise feel abandoned by a system that is suppo sed to do the same. The downfall of these groups is that their (occasional) focus on fighting and violence only serves to detract from the other areas.Yet returning to Cerny, he raises the point that some find the cost of the US’s war in Iraq (estimated at 2-3 trillion dollars), has prevented it from addressing issues both domestically (health care and employment for example) and abroad (development aid, fighting disease ect). This shows that even the largest of official states can do itself damage by focusing too much on military operations. But what happens when a state can do no more for its people? When it becomes such a contested organisation that it loses physical control of its

Radio-Frequency Implantable Device

Radio-Frequency Implantable Device Numerous implantable gadgets can discuss remotely with different contraptions. Such a capacity can be treasured; for instance, an embedded medication transfer mechanism may be reinvented remotely to modify its measurements without being suspended from the patient. Security issues merit explicit consideration for implantable methods because a human being can not just dismiss a plan to shield himself from an attack. A significant test in securing implantable tools is the extraordinary asset requirements confronting them. Numerous gadgets are entirely passive, with no power or computational assets of their own. This characteristic makes it hard to actualize customary security plots that oblige them to perform cryptographic operations on information. Indeed, even gadgets that do have computational abilities are modified by battery lifetime since their batteries must supply capacity for a considerable length of time because evolving cells may require a conceivably life-undermining operation. In this manner, a generous security plot must be as productive as could reasonably be expected (Yazici, 2014). Considering these days critical archives like visas and so forth utilize RFID inserted chips, it is primarily conceivable that related data will be analyzed by organizations, government specialists or other destructive bodies like criminals. An example is a gadget that you can connect to your vehicle to track your driving propensities, the cars status, and even its stopping area. The tool works by getting to the computer system in the vehicle and making an interpretation of what its a truism to your telephone. The locally available computer system in your auto is producing a code for each issue it may have. We have seen comparable gadgets from vehicle protection suppliers that screen where you are heading to give you better rates. RFID has pulled in much consideration as of late as security backers, writers, and designers have examined the morals of its utilization. Security advocates expect that albeit most organizations considering RFID applications for resource following have modest expectations, without appropriate care, this innovation could be utilized eagerly or unwillingly to acquire undesirable outcomes for some customers. Researchers demonstrate that the moral and social dangers are more connected with the implantable RFID gadgets when contrasted with their associates, in this way highlighting the criticalness of looking at advances in their societal setting (Yazici, 2014). People ought to learn about the plausibility to agree to, the gathering, handling, stockpiling and spread of RFID information identifying with them. Their insight or assent ought to have an association with a comprehension of the whole RFID information life cycle not only the underlying transmission. Governments ought to empower all members to work towards an agreement on the conditions under which assent ought to or ought not to be required. We get an understanding into the concept of RFID frameworks with an accentuation on systems administration perspectives and research challenges identified with receptive UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID structures. There are surveys of different calculations, conventions and plan arrangements that have been produced inside the range, including latest advances. Additionally, authors cover an extensive variety of perceived issues in RFID industry, striking an agreement amongst hypothetical and handy scope. Confinements of the innovation and best in class arrangements are distinguished and new research openings are beneficiaries. The RFID is an innovation that utilizes radio waves to exchange information from an electronic tag, called RFID label appended to a question, with the end goal of recognizing and following the demonstration. The RFID is as of now used to track and observe the losses in a fiasco circumstance. Information can be gathered continuously and be promptly accessible to crisis staff and spares time by the RFID. Emergency administration groups, doctors facilities, and disaster workforce have entry to information through a network database (Daugherty, 2014). Health care practitioners can all the more efficiently and rapidly impart wellbeing data to their patients when their records are in electronic shape, as this empowers correspondence and data sharing through electronic well-being gateways or electronic transmissions to an individual online file. Different hindrances still stay to giving people access to their data. Some therapeutic services suppliers do not store health report in an electronic frame, and patients must hold up until physical duplicates are made and sent to them (Daugherty, 2014). There are additionally social and operational difficulties that may anticipate people from seeking and accepting a match of their records, for example, constrained time amid office visits, unwillingness to be seen as trying their specialist, or non-institutionalized supplier procedures to bolster the individuals demand for a duplicate of the records. Accordingly, RFID gadgets make another innovation layer that can create data about people, past and also their propensities and slants. Primarily the moral issues identified with RFIDs are the disintegration of security, wellbeing dangers, restorative perils as symptoms of implantation surgery and so forth. An absence of writing regarding the matter of RFID inserts, relevant consideration has gone to these gadgets, especially in the fields of bioethics, morals of data and backers of protection. With a couple of individual cases, ethicists, for the most part, view the issues identified with RFID embeds as to make wellbeing dangers, the tr ade off protection, and to be utilized strongly (Zhu, 2015). The kids will take advantage of the installation for RFID. This technology is useful because it is hard to tell children’s ailment by just looking at them. It will also help to assess their progress after receiving treatment. The RIFD will help curb diseases especially in the young children who fall ill. The technology will help safeguard data associated with the kids health, and this will contribute to promoting security in the nation. The parents also will be in a position to access their childrens records to monitor their progress. The system has existing standards that are electronically safeguarded to help enhance protection of their identities. With the human services industry hoping to actualize electronic well-being reports, there is uncontrolled good faith about how digitizing well-being records will make monstrous effectiveness and altogether increment the nature of patient care. As an ever increasing number of clinics and therapeutic services frameworks relocate to modernized doctor order passage and electronic well-being records. More welfare data trades are worked to facilitate mind crosswise over systems, and many are raising worries about the various ways to viably oversee information trustworthiness to guarantee it is safe from modification, corruption or unapproved access. RFID utilizes physiological attributes of the body for a patient distinguishing proof disposing of the requirement to give a social security number, a birth date for identifying evidence amid enrollment or the insurance card. A bio-metric layout can straightforwardly connect to an electronic record for exact credentialing on resulting visits. T his system guarantees that no copies of medical records are creatable and the appropriate care conveyed to the precise patient. RFID additionally takes out challenges in recognizing patients with a similar name or different surnames guaranteeing that every time a patient visits a medical services office; their history is appropriately reported regardless of what variety of their name given.

Summary Of Emily Wuthering Heights - 1692 Words

Jenny Panchal Mrs. Callarman English 4AP December 4, 2015 Bronte, Emily Wuthering Heights 1847. The narrators’ stories are told from two different time frames. Nelly’s story begins in the 1770s and Lockwood leaves Yorkshire in 1802. The story of Wuthering Heights takes place in two neighboring houses, called Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, on the Yorkshire moors. The setting is important to the story because of the symbolism of the moors and what drives or motivates the characters. The physical environment of the moors is symbolic in Wuthering Heights because it is a wild, wet place. Not much can be farmed on moors so it symbolizes how nothing can be nurtured, like love. It’s hard to get around because it all looks the†¦show more content†¦Class status affected the characters’ motivation, like Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar so that she will be â€Å"the greatest woman of the neighborhood.† The Lintons try hard to prove their social status by how they behave. The Earnshaws don’t have a carriage or as much land and their house is not as grand. The protagonists in the story are Heathcliff, Catherine, and Edgar Linton. Heathcliff was an orphan adopted by Mr. Earnshaw and brought to live at Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff falls in love with Mr. Earnshaw’s daughter, Catherine. After time, Mr. Earnshaw dies and his son, Hindley, is very mean to Heathcliff. Catherine wants a higher social status than Heathcliff can provide so she marries Edgar Linton. Heathcliff spends the rest of his life seeking revenge on just about everyone in the novel, including Hindley and Catherine. Heathcliff is often cruel and powerful and after he gets rich he uses his power to acquire both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. Catherine is the daughter of Mr. Earnshaw. Catherine falls in love with Heathcliff, the orphan Mr. Earnshaw brought home. Catherine loves Heathcliff so much that she claims they are the same person. She is torn between her passion for Heathcliff and her social ambition. She brings misery to both of the men who love her. Edgar Linton is a

Sch 33 Equality and Inclusion in Health Essay - 1552 Words

SHC 33 Promote Equality and Inclusion in Health, Social Care or Children’s and Young People’s Settings 1. Explain what is meant by: Diversity Equality Inclusion Mean by Diversity the differences between individuals and groups in society arising from gender, ethnic origins, social, cultural or religious background, family structure, disabilities, sexuality and appearance. Our society is made up of people with a wide range of characteristics. Where people vary in a multitude of ways, including in their age, sex, sexual orientation, physical characteristics such as height, weight and skin colour, ability, personal experiences and personal attributes, such as beliefs, values and preferences Diversity contributes strength to a†¦show more content†¦Discrimination against people on the grounds of their income, for example treating people living in poverty as inferior, is known as povertyism 3. Explain how inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity. Discrimination and prejudice interfere with: Children’s right to have access to equality of opportunity ,promoting the positive aspects of diversity. And they have no place in setting for children . Setting should always aim for inclusion is the opposite of discrimination. `inclusion requires us to appreciate the barriers real or perceived to all children and families participating in and benefiting from what a setting has to offer on an equal footing. Working towards inclusion involves striving to ensure that such barriers are broken down. When we start to remove these barriers and make sure that all children and families can be ( and feel themselves to be) part of our settings, we are taking steps to open up equality of opportunity and promote positive attitudes to diversity. We offer each child opportunities to achieve and flourish which are as good as the opportunities experienced by other children and families has an opportunity to participate in a setting. 4. Explain how legislation and codes of practice relating to equality, diversity and discrimination apply to own work role Setting to promote equality of opportunity and ensure that every family is included. Learn child name, same for parents knowledgeShow MoreRelatedShc 31-31066 Words   |  5 Pagespractitioners because information is regularly shared where concerns are addressed within an environment that encourages open communication. Practitioners who work together as a team with a common aim will provide the best possible service for children. SCH 32 1. Understand what is required for competence in own work role 1. Describe the duties and the responsibilities of own work role To provide a high standard of physical, emotional, social and intellectual care for children placed in the nursery Read MoreThe Effect of Student Attitudes and Beliefs on Mathematics Education29432 Words   |  118 Pagestowards mathematics of standard six pupils†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...24 2.4 The process of planned change: A theory of innovation 26 2.5 Review of literature related to SMASSE INSET 33 2.5.1 Change in attitudes towards teaching strategies in secondary school teachers in Nigeria following in-service professional Development. 33 2.5.2 Rationale for SMASSE In-service Education and Training (INSET) 35 2.5.3 The ASEI Movement and the PDSI Approach 38 2.5.4 Study on Mathematical Achievement

Lenovo Marketing Free Essays

Lenovo Acquisition Analysis Product/Brand decisions: Some of the issues Lenovo had to deal with in the acquisition of IBM was how to capitalize on the marriage of brands and how to win corporate respect with the Lenovo brand. The acquisition allowed Lenovo to move quickly into the international marketplace. Given that IBM had one of the most trusted brands around the world, this allowed Lenovo to build on past IBM’s reputation. We will write a custom essay sample on Lenovo Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now But Lenovo only had the right to use the IBM logo for five years so they wanted to leverage that asset. The media perception of Lenovo’s association with the Chinese government was also concerning to Lenovo’s executives since firms with this type association tend to get low marks for trustworthiness. In response they did face to face surveys to determine customer concerns. After choosing to focus on innovation and quality the company eventually settled on a strategy with two elements: build up the Lenovo brand as master brand and continue to strengthen the ThinkPad brand which rated high among corporate buyers. Pricing decisions: Lenovo’s pricing decisions was a case of how to position itself in the minds of consumers. They had already become very efficient with the cost of manufacturing since most of the components were already being made inside of China. But they had to choose what its brand essence would be and over how many categories its brand would be stretched. As they saw it there were two groups with which to compete. One group included the discounted pricing model like Dell, HP, Acer and such. Another group included Apple and IBM which distinguished their products on innovation and quality. So to remain competitive, Lenovo planned to launch their new PC Series 3000. This was an attempt to keep the master brand and the ThinkPad as luxury products at a premium price and to create another product that was priced lower and could compete in the market on another level. They chose not to compete directly on price with the 3000 family by applying what they learned business consumers wanted which was ‘worry free computing’. They were going to stress in their marketing strategy that the Lenovo brand stood for innovation. Competing on price would have given the perception of a cheap product from China. But they learned that consumers put a premium value on quality, reliability and durability. Distribution decisions: The acquisition allowed Lenovo to acquire distribution channels that IBM had already built up. It now had a marketplace to 138 countries where both businesses had been selling previously. Prior to the acquisition sales in China for Lenovo’s were 70% transactional through business partners and 30% by relationships or consulting. Globally for Lenovo it was the opposite with only 30% of sales through partners. IBM’s customer base had been predominantly corporate customers. On the supply chain side IBM pc’s were already sourced in China so there were operational efficiencies to be gained. According to one executive there appeared to be no channel conflict since they had complementary products and client bases. They could assembly a broad product portfolio and use global distribution to take products around the world. Combining the two cultures still posed a challenge to making the company function in the manner it was the merger was conceived. Even though Lenovo had modeled itself after HP and IBM by focusing on meritocracy, the potential for corporate and operational clashes had not been clearly removed. However, the young CEO Yang exhorted them to work together as they integrate the two companies. The key message was to trust the other person’. This helped foster an atmosphere that would help the transition. Promotion decisions: Lenovo had many challenges facing them with regard to promotion of the brand and product portfolio. One was how to position the ThinkPad brand with the market and whether to put this brand on existing Lenovo products. The marketing ma nager thought this would dilute the ThinkPad brand and decided to keep the ThinkPad as a separate product class that would build on its reputation of a premium business notebook. This became part of their strategy of a ‘one-two punch’: building up the Lenovo master brand and continue to strengthen the ThinkPad product brand. Just before the acquisition Lenovo had negotiated an Olympic sponsorship in order to introduce the world to the brand. They would be able to use the Olympic logo for marketing and promotion but this arrangement would come at a hefty price of $80 million to start and another $160 for the additional advertising requirement; a large sum for a company with $3. 2 billion in sales. Lenovo would also be able to continue to use the IBM logo for five years as part of the acquisition which they intended to leverage. The promotion strategy led to a three phase advertising plan. First, they ran a worldwide campaign where each ad ended with a mention of the ThinkPad instead of Lenovo to reassure customer and maintain the ThinkPad momentum. The second campaign was labeled ‘ThinkPad Unleashed’ which ran during the Olympics to emphasis that the ThinkPad was being made even better. The third phase stressed that Lenovo stood for innovation which is how they intended to differentiate themselves from their competitors. In order to continue to raise awareness, the marketing manager studied brand-tracking research from 10 countries every quarter. They would chose product placements on TV shows in countries like India as a result of the studies. They also explored unconventional ways to position the company as Dell and HP continued to outspend them in ad dollars by as much as 20 times in the US and 10 times in Japan. Upon introducing a ‘3000’ family of pc’s for the small business market, the challenge was how to position it as price-competitive without the perception that they were cheap products from China. This might dilute the master brand. They would investigate more in depth about what business customers ultimately wanted in their pc’s. To help with what their research revealed, each PC came with a set of tools labeled ‘LenovoCare’ for ‘worry-free computing’. Marketing strategy: The marketing strategy would eventually stress a family of innovative products that resulted from the marriage of the two brands. This would help support their mission statement: We put more innovation in the hands of more people so they can do more amazing things. Delivering on this mission would prove to be harder than just saying it. From the outset, Lenovo strived to create a management team that was representative of the new global market. They achieved this by hiring employees in the countries where they sold the PC’s. Developing a marketing strategy that spanned the globe was a daunting task that would only be successful if their diverse team of executives worked together. Having multiple cultures working together toward the same goal would be difficult. Within the first several months after the acquisition the Lenovo did lose market share. Now the company would have to stand on the Lenovo brand to get them through the next several difficult months of regaining that share and getting more entrenched in the US market. They would find that even in their own home country of China where they once had the advantage that competition had become more intense due to additional ad dollars they were spending. As long as they continued to support the innovative culture which won IBM so much recognition and to work to make the cultures manage together this would lead to a successful future. How to cite Lenovo Marketing, Papers

People - Work and Organization

Question: Discuss about the People, Work and Organization. Answer: Company Overview KPMG is a Swiss Cooperative, providing professional services to the global organizations. The company has three major services such as tax, audit and advisory. Previously, the name of the organization was KMG abs after merging up with Peat Marwick; they change the name of KPMG. The company employs total 174,000 employees in global market (kpmg, 2016). Headquarter of the company is at Amstelveen. The company was founded in 1987. The company is known as the best financial service provider in global market. The annual revenue of the company is US$24.44 billion as per 2015. Level of complexity When it comes to the level of complexity, KPMG encounters complexity due to governmental regulations. KPMG conduct business in global market. On the other hand, government of different country has different regulations for financial sectors. Therefore, it is difficult for the company to comply with these legislations. The organizational process becomes complex for KPMG due to high regulatory difference (kpmg, 2016). As governments do not have any global framework, the company needs to understand lot of policies and regulation in order to conduct business in global market. Apart from that, information management is another challenge, which makes business of KPMG complex. In order to satisfy global client, the company needs to conduct efficient market research. However, limitation of confidential data increases the level of complexity. Mintzbergs configuration model Organizaiotons dealing with financial services are having hierarchical organizational structure. KPMG conducts business in global market and therefore, the organizational structure of this company has to be hierarchical (Ho, Lai Lee, 2013). In order to understand the type of organization and its structure, Mintzbergs configuration model has been evaluated. According to this model, there are five types of organizational structure. Following is the evaluation of these organizational types. The machine organization In such organization, the procedures are formalized. The processes should be aligned with the employees roles and responsibility (Tomanek, 2016). Centralized decision-making of this kind of organization helps to avoid uncertainty. However, this kind of structure is only appropriate for the manufacturing company. The entrepreneurial organization In this kind of organization, the processes are simple and flexible as well. There is no standardized system and therefore, the entire process is very informal (Hogan Coote, 2014). However, KPMG have to follow proper guideline of government in order to conduct business in global market. Therefore, KMPG is not an entrepreneurial organization. The divisional organization This kind of organizations has a range of products or services. The organizational structure of this kind of company is divisional. There will be a central headquarter to support the autonomous sections (Kummerow Kirby, 2013). This kind of organizational structure can be seen is large and global organization. Therefore, it can be said that KPMG is a divisional organization. The professional organization The basic different between machine organizations and professional organization is, professional organization rely on trained workforce in order to achieve the organizational goal (Schneider, Ehrhart Macey, 2013). The term professional refers to the attitude of controlling critical situation without taking any assistance. This organizational structure can be seen in manufacturing industry. The innovative organization This kind of organizations relies on innovative strategies in order to achieve organizational goal (Shahzad et al., 2012). The organizations do not have any rigid policy to comply. As KPMG needs to comply with organizational and governmental policies, it can be said that this organizational structure is not appropriate for this context. Symbolic Frame According to Scheins concept of cultural model, organizations do not adopt their culture in one day. The process is lengthy and depends on different situations. In case of KPMG, the company has five different logos such as primary logo, blue logo, black logo, solid blue logo and solid black logo (kpmg, 2016). The purposes of these logos are different and introduced in different organizational situation. Scheins concept of cultural model suggests that if an organization has strict policies to comply with, then the company is highly professional. As described, KPMG maintains their logo in an appropriate manner. The company uses each logo for different purpose. Therefore, it can be said that the approach of this company is more professional in contrast with other organizations in this field. Following are the logos that KPMG have: KPMG primary logo KPMG blue logo KPMG black logo KPMG solid blue logo KPMG solid black logo Figure: Logo of KPMG (Source: kpmg, 2016) KPMG is a service-based organization serving to the global consumers. Apart from that, the company is complying with a range of regulations. Therefore, it can be said that the company maintains professionalism, which makes the company different from the competitors. Aligning Symbolic, HHR and Structural Frame Figure: Organizational Structure of KPMG (Source: kpmg, 2016) According to the organizational structure, KPMG has a hierarchical structure. The top management controls the lower management in order to ensure that the organizational objectives are achieved. According to the Mintzbergs configuration model, KPMG is divisional organization. In this kind of organization, employees are bound to comply with the organizational policies. Therefore, KMPG maintains the use of different logos in order to maintain their global identify (Ho, Lai Lee, 2013). The logo designed by the human resource management of the company stands for different purpose. SFor example, the solid black logo is used for signage. However, the background of the signage should be white or light color. It helps the company to display a prominent brand image in global market. According to the organizational structure, the company needs to maintain the professional approach while conducting business in global market. Apart from that, the entire process of this organization is controlle d by the headquarters (Hogan Coote, 2014). Therefore, it can be said that global council, global executive team and global board are responsible for implementing new strategies. As this organization follows a hierarchical approach, the lower level management should maintain the policies framed by the higher management. Therefore, the organizational culture should fall under the professional organization in Mintzbergs configuration model. References Ho, C. L., Lai, G. C., Lee, J. P. (2013). Organizational structure, board composition, and risk taking in the US property casualty insurance industry.Journal of Risk and Insurance,80(1), 169-203. Hogan, S. J., Coote, L. V. (2014). Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein's model.Journal of Business Research,67(8), 1609-1621. kpmg,. (2016). Retrieved 9 August 2016, from https://www.kpmg.com/NO/NB/Om-Oss/presse-og-media/Documents/logoRiktlinjer.pdf kpmg,.(2016).kpmg.www.kpmg.com/RU/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/Confronting%20complexity.pdf. Retrieved 9 August 2016, from https://www.kpmg.com/RU/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/Confronting%20complexity.pdf Kummerow, E., Kirby, N. (2013). Organisational Culture: Concept, Context, and Measurement (In Two Volumes).World Scientific Books. 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